A data model applied to the knowledge-based ICAS

Image-guided computer aided surgery system (ICAS) contributes to safeness and success of surgery operations by means of displaying anatomical structures and showing correlative information to surgeons in the process of operation. Based on analysis of requirements for ICAS, a new concept of clinical knowledge-based ICAS was proposed. Designing a reasonable data structure model is essential for realizing this new concept. The traditional data structure is limited in expressing and reusing the clinical knowledge such as locating an anatomical object, topological relations of anatomical objects and correlative clinical attributes. A data structure model called mixed adjacency lists by octree-path-chain (MALOC) was outlined, which can combine patient's images with clinical knowledge, as well as efficiently locate the instrument and search the objects' information. The efficiency of data structures was analyzed and experimental results were given in comparison to other traditional data structures. The result of the nasal surgery experiment proves that MALOC is a proper model for clinical knowledge-based ICAS that has advantages in not only locating the operative instrument precisely but also proving surgeons with real-time operation-correlative information. It is shown that the clinical knowledge-based ICAS with MALOC model has advantages in terms of safety and success of surgical operations, and help in accurately locating the operative instrument and providing operation-correlative knowledge and information to surgeons in the process of operations.     

TNFα、Leptin-Rb、NF-κB和PPAR-γ在酒精性肝病大鼠肝细胞中的表达

目的 探讨TNFα、NF-κB、Leptin-Rb和PPAR-γ等在大鼠酒精性肝病中与肝组织炎症、坏死和纤维化的关系.方法 胃造瘘法建立长期大鼠酒精性肝病模型,分别在第4、8、12、24和52周用免疫组化、原位杂交和RT-PCR技术检测不同阶段大鼠肝组织中TNFα、NF-κB、PPAR-γ和Leptin-Rb等的表达.结果 TNFα、NF-κB和Leptin-Rb水平在模型组大鼠肝细胞中,第8周表达逐渐增强,第24周起高水平表达一直持续至52周(P<0.01).PPAR-γ在对照组和第4、8周模型组肝细胞中表达最强,第12周表达开始减弱.TNFα和NF-κB在肝细胞中的表达呈明显正相关关系,与PPAR-γ则呈负相关关系(P<0.01).结论 TNFα和NF-κB与肝细胞病变程度有很好的一致性关系,Leptin-Rb在肝细胞的表达与肝纤维化发展相一致,PPAR-γ则刚好相反.     

竖直双挡板桩基码头港内波浪特性试验研究

结合某码头二期工程建设,对竖直双挡板桩基码头结构开展波浪整体与断面物理模型试验,对工程码头、防波堤设计波要素及港内波高分布进行了测定。分析了竖直双挡板桩基码头不同挡板结构(挡板底高程、挡板封闭情况)时的港内波高分布特征,分析了不同工况下港内泊稳条件,并给出了最优化方案;研究了波向对绕射的影响、有效波高比与相对入水深度对透射系数的影响,分析了绕射波、透射波、反射对港内波况的影响。研究表明,《海港水文规范》给出的岛式防波堤堤后不规则波绕射系数整体上小于竖直双挡板桩基码头的绕射波试验值,港域内波高最小的区域位于距离码头中心一倍船宽附近,最后提出了一种港内波高的简化计算方法。     

某商用车散热器面罩开裂分析与改进

为解决散热器面罩开裂问题,提出了焊点优化方案和散热器面罩加强板外置/加强板内置方案,并进行了模块化设计,制定了2组改进措施。有限元分析结果表明:2种改进措施与原状态相比,均有良好应力改善效果,满足应力要求。     

湖北城际铁路动车组选型与交路优化研究

以湖北城际铁路为例,通过比照区间运行速度、参考我国高级动车的技术配置合理选择车型,并优化原交路,最终对原、现两种方案的成本效益对比分析,实证表明,该方案有助于减少动车购置成本,降低亏损,并简化原有运输组织工作.     

吉林兰旗松花江特大桥索塔锚固区空间应力分析

吉林兰旗松花江特大桥是一座单索面双塔预应力混凝土斜拉桥,索塔锚固区采用U形预应力钢束锚固形式。通过运用现代有限元方法,对该桥的索塔锚固区进行了空间应力分析,论证了该桥的索塔锚固区设计是安全的;同时也探讨了在强大斜拉索力作用下环向预应力锚固形式的受力特点,为同类型桥梁的索塔设计提供了重要的参考依据。     

波浪作用下30万吨级油轮撞击能量研究

通过物理模型试验,研究不规则波作用下30万吨级油轮撞击能量,分析了主要影响因素HT、LB、TT0、D对撞击速度的影响规律。结果表明:撞击速度与HT成正比;与LB成幂次关系;与TT0也成正比,但TT0=1时船舶撞击码头与波浪产生共振,撞击速度出现极大值;压载时的撞击速度大于满载时的撞击速度,撞击速度与吃水成负相关。提出了30万吨级油轮撞击能量的计算公式,与青岛港原油码头三期工程和青岛益佳集团燃油码头工程的物理模型试验结果对比,具有较好的计算精度,可供工程设计参考。     

沿海港口发展环境及适应性分析

立足于国际经贸环境、中国国民经济以及中国对外贸易发展和产业布局调整的最新形势,分析当前全国沿海港口发展的阶段性特点及面临的宏观环境。提出码头评估能力的概念,客观分析港口吞吐量统计数据的构成,就沿海港口评估能力与运输需求的总体适应性、分区域适应性、发展结构适应性以及与产业布局适应性进行探讨,提出问题及建议,展望港口发展态势。     

Magnetic field tuning characteristics of bimodal ultrasonic motor stator

The magnetic field tuning characteristics of an ultrasonic motor (USM) stator are discussed. The stator consists of two piezoelectric ceramic transducer (PZT) plates and one sandwiched-in Terfenol-D plate. The dimensions of the stator are carefully adjusted to specifically discuss the influence of the magnetic field on the frequency difference between the longitudinal and bending modes of the stator. The frequency difference discussed in this paper is usually small and mainly caused by uneven materials, machining errors and changes in external conditions (temperature, pre-stress or load). The longitudinal and bending modes of the stator are simultaneously excited by an external electric field to generate the elliptic motion trajectories of the driving points. A direct current (DC) magnetic field is applied to decrease the difference between the two mode frequencies of the fabricated stator. In experiments, the dependences of the two mode frequencies and their difference on DC magnetic fields are all investigated. The experimental results indicate that the difference between the longitudinal and bending mode frequencies of the PZT/Terfenol-D/PZT composite stator can be tuned by changing the intensity of the external DC magnetic field.     

降低传动系统冲击载荷的一种有效方法

研究了半轴、传动轴扭转刚度对传动系冲击载荷最大值的影响,得出了半轴扭转刚度与传动系冲击载荷最大值之间的函数关系,指出降低半轴扭转刚度是减小传动系冲击载荷最大值,提高传动系可靠性的有效方法。研制了新型非调质刚半轴,并将其与原调质刚半轴进行了对比试验。结果表明,将非调质钢半轴杆径从60 mm减小到58 mm,其静扭刚度及疲劳寿命均可满足技术要求,而扭转刚度较原调质刚半轴略有降低,有利于整个传动系降低冲击载荷。